Abraham and Ishmael Build the Kaaba
After a separation of several years, again the father
and son met. It was on this journey that the two built the Kaaba on God’s
command as a permanent sanctuary; a place laid for the worship of God. It was here,
in this same barren desert where Abraham had left Hagar and Ishmael earlier, that
he supplicated to God to make it a place where they would establish the prayer,
free from idol worship.
“My Lord! Make safe this territory, and preserve me and my
sons from worshipping idols. My Lord! Lo! They have led many of people
astray. But whoever follows me, he verily is of me. And whoever disobeys me,
still You are Forgiving, Merciful. Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my
posterity in an uncultivable valley near to Your Holy House, our Lord! That
they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may
yearn toward them, and provide You them, with fruits in order that they may be
thankful. Our Lord! Lo! You know that which we hide and that which we
proclaim. Nothing in the earth or in the heaven is hidden from God. Praise be
to God Who has given me, in my old age, Ishmael and Isaac! Lo! My Lord is
indeed the Hearer of prayer. My Lord! Make me establish regular prayer, and
some of my posterity (also), our Lord! And accept my prayer. Our Lord! Forgive
me and my parents and believers on the Day when the account is cast.” (Quran
14:35-41)
Now, years later, Abraham again in reunion with his son
Ishmael, were to establish the honored House of God, the center of worship, to
which direction people would their face when offering prayers, and make it a
site of pilgrimage. There are many beautiful verses in the Quran describing the
sanctity of the Kaaba and the purpose of its building.
“And when we assigned to Abraham the place of the House: ‘Do
not associate with Me anything, and purify My House for those who
circumambulate it, who stand in prayer, and who bow, and prostrate themselves
(all in prayer).’ And proclaim the Pilgrimage (Hajj) among people, and they
shall come to you on foot, and on every lean camel. They shall come to you
from every deep and distant mountain highways.” (Quran 22:26)
“And when We made the House (the Kaaba) a resort for mankind
and sanctuary, (saying): Take as your place of worship the place where Abraham
stood (to pray). And We took a covenant with Abraham and Ishmael that they
should purify My House (the Kaaba) for those who compass it round, devote
themselves (to worship) in it, or bow, or prostrate themselves (therein in
prayer).” (Quran 2:125)
The Kaaba is the first place of worship appointed for all
of humanity for the purpose of guidance and blessing:
“Indeed the first House (of worship) appointed for humanity is
that at Bakka: Full of blessing and of guidance for all the worlds. In it are
Signs Manifest; (such as), the Station of Abraham; whoever enters it attains
security; Pilgrimage thereto is a duty men owe to God,- those who have the
ability.” (Quran 22:26-27)
Prophet Muhammad , may the mercy and blessings of God be
upon him, said:
“Indeed this place has been made sacred by God the
day He created the heavens and the earth, and it will remain so until the Day
of Judgment.” (Saheeh Al-Bukhari, Saheeh Muslim)
The Prayers of Abraham
Indeed, the building of a sanctuary to be held by all
latter generations was one of the best forms of worship men of God could do. They
invoked God during their feat:
“Our Lord! Accept from us (this duty). Lo! You, only You,
are the Hearer, the Knower. Our Lord! And make us Muslims (submissive to You)
and of our seed a Muslim nation (submissive to You), and show us our ways of
worship, and forgive toward us. Lo! You, only You, are the Forgiving, the
Merciful. Our Lord!” (Quran 2:127-128)
“And (remember) when Abraham said, “My Lord, make this city (Mecca)
a place of security and provide its people with fruits, such of them as believe
in God and the Last Day...” (Quran 2:126)
Abraham also prayed that a prophet be raised from the
progeny of Ishmael, who would be the inhabitants this land, as the progeny of
Isaac would inhabit the lands of Canaan.
“And raise up in their midst a Messenger from among them who
shall recite to them Your revelations, and shall instruct them in the Scripture
and in wisdom and shall purify them of their sins. Lo! You, only You, are the
Mighty, the Wise.” (Quran 2:127-129)
The Kaabah built by Abraham and Ishmael and the Station of Abraham,
which houses the footprint of Prophet Abraham.
Abraham’s prayer for a
Messenger was answered several
thousand years later when God raised Prophet Muhammad among the Arabs,
and as Mecca was chosen to be a sanctuary and House of Worship for all
humanity, so too was the
Prophet of Mecca one sent to all humanity.
It was this pinnacle of the life of Abraham which was the
completion of his purpose: the building of a place of worship for all of
humanity, not for any chosen race or color, for the worship of the One True God.
Through the establishment of this house was the guarantee that God, the God to
Whom he called and for Whom he made endless sacrifices, would be worshipped
forever, without the association of any other God with him. Indeed it was one
of the greatest of favors bestowed upon any human.
Abraham & the Hajj Pilgrimage
Yearly, Muslims from around the world gather from all
walks of life, the answer to the prayer of Abraham and the call to Pilgrimage.
This rite is called Hajj, and it commemorates many events of God’s beloved
servant Abraham and his family. After circling the Kaaba, a Muslim prays
behind the Station of Abraham, the stone on which Abraham stood to build the Kaaba.
After the prayers, a Muslim drinks from the same well, called Zamzam, which
flowed in answer to the Prayer of Abraham and Hagar, providing sustenance for
Ishmael and Hagar, and was the cause for the inhabitation of the land. The rite
of walking between Safaa and Marwah commemorates Hagar’s desperate search for
water when she and her baby were alone in Mecca. The sacrifice of an animal in
Mina during Hajj, and by Muslims around the world in their own lands, is after the
example of Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son for God’s sake. Lastly,
the stoning of the stone pillars at Mina exemplifies Abraham’s rejection of
satanic temptations to prevent him from sacrificing Ishmael.
The ‘Beloved servant of God’ about whom God said, “I
will make you a leader to the nations,”[1]
returned to Palestine and died there.
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